Mendeleev's Periodic Table > Gd - Gadolinium

Gd - Gadolinium

This rare earth metal was discovered by J. C. G. de Marignac in 1880, who named the metal for Finnish geologist, J. Gadolin. Except for fourth period transition metals, gadolinium is the only metal to exhibit ferromagnetic properties.
Gadolinium is silvery white, has a metallic lustre, and is is malleable and ductile. The metal is relatively stable in dry air, but in moist air it tarnishes with the formation of a loosely adhering oxide film which "spalls" off and exposes more surface to oxidation. The Gadolinium metal reacts slowly with water and is soluble in dilute acid. Gadolinium has the highest thermal neutron capture cross-section of any known element.

Atomic number	-	64		Density	g/mL	7	.89
Atomic weight	u	157	.25	Melting point	K	1585
Bonding radius	A	1	.61	Boiling point	K	3539
Atomic radius	A	2	.54	Heat of vaporization	kJ/mol	359	.4
Ionization Potential	V	6	.15	Heat of fusion	kJ/mol	10	.05
Electronegativity	-	1	.2	Specific heat	J/gK	0	.23
The oxide is mildly basic.				Crystal are hexagonal.
Electron config. : [Xe] 4f⁷ 5d¹ 6s²

Isotopes of Gd (Gadolinium):

MASS abundancy Halflife Particle, Energy Decay Product(s) Isotopic Mass	137 7 sec EC,8.800 MeV Eu-137 136.94460	139 4.9 sec EC/ECp,7.700 Eu-139/Sm-138 138.93805	140 15.8 sec EC,5.500 MeV Eu-140 139.93397	141 14 sec EC/ECp,7.200 Eu-141/Sm-140 140.93225
MASS abundancy Halflife Particle, Energy Decay Product(s) Isotopic Mass	142 70.2 sec EC,4.500 MeV Eu-142 141.92796	143 39 sec EC,6.010 MeV Eu-143 142.92662	144 4.5 min EC,3.740 MeV Eu-144 143.92279	145 23.0 min EC,5.050 MeV Eu-145 144.92168
MASS abundancy Halflife Particle, Energy Decay Product(s) Isotopic Mass	146 48.27 da EC,1.030 MeV Eu-146 145.91830	147 38.06 hr EC,2.187 MeV Eu-147 146.91908	148 74.6 yr a,3.271 MeV Sm-144 147.91811	149 9.28 da a/EC,1.314 Sm-145/Eu-149 148.91933
MASS abundancy Halflife Particle, Energy Decay Product(s) Isotopic Mass	150 1.79E+6 yr a,2.809 MeV Sm-146 149.91865	151 124 da a/EC,1.187 Sm-147/Eu-151 150.92034	152 0.20% 1.08E14 yr a,2.205 MeV Sm-148 151.91978	153 241.6 da EC,1.900 MeV Eu-153 152.92174
MASS abundancy Halflife Particle, Energy Decay Product(s) Isotopic Mass	154 2.18% Stable 153.92086	155 14.80% Stable 154.92261	156 20.47% Stable 155.92211	157 15.65% Stable 156.92395
MASS abundancy Halflife Particle, Energy Decay Product(s) Isotopic Mass	158 24.84% Stable 157.92410	159 18.479 hr B-,2.514 MeV Tb-159 158.92638	160 21.86% Stable 159.92705	161 3.66 min B-,1.956 MeV Tb-161 160.92966
MASS abundancy Halflife Particle, Energy Decay Product(s) Isotopic Mass	162 8.4 min B-,1.390 MeV Tb-162 161.93098	163 68 sec B-,3.100 MeV Tb-163 162.93397	164 45 sec B-,2.300 MeV Tb-164 163.93590

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